At present, the most widely used fields of biomass gasification in China are centralized gas supply and small and medium-sized gasification power generation, and a small amount is used for industrial boiler heating. The rural centralized gas supply project solves the problems of crop straw burning and cooking energy consumption, while biomass gasification power generation is mainly aimed at industrial enterprises such as wood processing plants and rice mills with a large amount of biomass waste. Straw gasification in China is mainly used for heating, gas supply, power generation and chemical synthesis.

（1）秸稈氣化供熱。秸稈氣化供熱是指秸稈經(jīng)過(guò)氣化爐氣化后，生成的燃?xì)馑腿讼乱患?jí)燃燒器中燃燒，為終端用戶提供熱能。秸稈氣化供熱技術(shù)廣泛應(yīng)用于區(qū)域供熱和木材、谷物等農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品的烘干等，與常規(guī)木材烘干技術(shù)相比具有升溫快、火力強(qiáng)、干燥質(zhì)量好的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并能縮短烘干周期，降低成本。

(1) Straw gasification heating. Straw gasification heating refers to that the gas generated after straw gasification in the gasifier is sent to the next burner for combustion to provide heat energy for end users. Straw gasification heating technology is widely used in regional heating and drying of agricultural and sideline products such as wood and grain. Compared with conventional wood drying technology, it has the advantages of fast heating, strong firepower and good drying quality, and can shorten drying cycle and reduce costs.

（2）秸稈氣化供氣。秸稈氣化供氣是指氣化爐產(chǎn)生的生物質(zhì)燃?xì)馔ㄟ^(guò)相應(yīng)的配套設(shè)備為居民提供炊事用氣。秸稈氣化供氣又分為集中供氣和單獨(dú)供氣兩種類(lèi)型。

(2) Straw gasification gas supply. Straw gasification gas supply means that the biomass gas produced by the gasifier provides cooking gas for residents through corresponding supporting equipment. Straw gasification gas supply can be divided into centralized gas supply and separate gas supply.

①秸稈氣化集中供氣。生物質(zhì)氣化集中供氣系統(tǒng)是20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)在我國(guó)發(fā)展起來(lái)的一項(xiàng)新的生物質(zhì)能源利用技術(shù)。它是在農(nóng)村的一個(gè)村或組建立一個(gè)生物質(zhì)氣化站，將生物質(zhì)經(jīng)氣化爐氣化后轉(zhuǎn)變成燃?xì)?，通過(guò)輸氣管網(wǎng)輸送和分配到用戶，系統(tǒng)規(guī)模一般為數(shù)十戶至數(shù)百戶。目前，我國(guó)已廣泛推廣利用生物質(zhì)氣化技術(shù)建設(shè)集中供氣系統(tǒng)，以滿足農(nóng)村居民炊事和采暖用氣。

① Straw gasification and centralized gas supply. Biomass gasification centralized gas supply system is a new biomass energy utilization technology developed in China since the 1990s. It is to set up a biomass gasification station in a village or group in the countryside, convert the biomass into gas after gasification in the gasifier, and transmit and distribute it to users through the gas transmission network. The system scale is generally from tens to hundreds of households. At present, China has widely promoted the use of biomass gasification technology to build a centralized gas supply system to meet the needs of rural residents for cooking and heating.

在秸稈氣化集中供氣系統(tǒng)中，氣化爐的選用是根據(jù)不同的用氣規(guī)模來(lái)確定的，如果供氣戶數(shù)較少，選用固定床氣化爐；如果供氣戶數(shù)多（一般多于1 000戶），則使用流化床氣化爐更好。秸稈燃?xì)獾臓t具與普通的城市煤氣爐具有所區(qū)別，國(guó)內(nèi)此類(lèi)爐具的生產(chǎn)廠家也較多，效果也較好，可以滿足用戶要求。

In the straw gasification centralized gas supply system, the selection of gasifier is determined according to different gas consumption scale. If the number of gas supply households is small, fixed bed gasifier is selected; If there are many gas supply households (generally more than 1000 households), it is better to use fluidized bed gasifiers. Straw gas stoves are different from ordinary urban gas stoves. There are many domestic manufacturers of such stoves, and the effect is also good, which can meet user requirements.

②戶用秸稈氣化供氣。該種方式為一家一戶的農(nóng)村居民使用，戶用小型秸稈氣化爐，產(chǎn)生的燃?xì)庵苯咏尤藸t灶使用，系統(tǒng)具有體積小、投資少的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。但也有顯著的缺點(diǎn)：由于氣化爐與灶直接相連，生物質(zhì)燃?xì)馕吹玫饺魏蝺艋幚?，因而灶具上連接管及氣化爐都有焦油滲出，衛(wèi)生很差，且易堵塞連接管及灶具；因氣化爐較小，氣化條件不易控制，產(chǎn)出氣體中可燃?xì)獬煞仲|(zhì)量不穩(wěn)，并且不連續(xù)，影響燃用，甚至有安全問(wèn)題；從點(diǎn)火至產(chǎn)氣需要有一定的啟動(dòng)時(shí)間，增加了勞動(dòng)時(shí)間，而且該段時(shí)間內(nèi)煙氣排放也是個(gè)問(wèn)題。

② Household straw gasification gas supply. This method is used by rural residents from household to household. The household uses a small straw gasifier, and the gas generated is directly used by the stove. The system has the advantages of small size and low investment. However, there are also obvious disadvantages: because the gasifier is directly connected to the stove, the biomass gas has not been purified, so tar seeps from the connecting pipe and the gasifier on the stove, which is very poor in sanitation, and is easy to block the connecting pipe and the stove; Because the gasifier is small, the gasification conditions are not easy to control, and the quality of combustible gas components in the produced gas is unstable and discontinuous, which affects the combustion and even has safety problems; It takes a certain starting time from ignition to gas production, which increases labor time, and flue gas emission during this period is also a problem.

③秸稈氣化發(fā)電。我國(guó)在生物質(zhì)氣化方面有一定的基礎(chǔ)。早在20世紀(jì)60年代初就開(kāi)展了這方面的研究工作，近20年來(lái)加快了生物質(zhì)氣化發(fā)電技術(shù)的進(jìn)一步研究，開(kāi)發(fā)的中小規(guī)模氣化發(fā)電系統(tǒng)具有投資少、原料適應(yīng)性和規(guī)模靈活性好等特點(diǎn)，已研制成功的中小型生物質(zhì)氣化發(fā)電設(shè)備功率從幾千瓦到5 000千瓦。

③ Straw gasification for power generation. China has a certain foundation in biomass gasification. As early as the early 1960s, the research work in this field was carried out. In the past 20 years, the further research of biomass gasification power generation technology has been accelerated. The developed small-scale gasification power generation system has the characteristics of low investment, good raw material adaptability and scale flexibility. The power of the successfully developed small-scale biomass gasification power generation equipment has ranged from several thousand watts to 5000 kilowatts.

氣化爐的結(jié)構(gòu)有層式下吸式、開(kāi)心式、下吸式和常壓循環(huán)流化床氣化爐等，采用單燃料氣體內(nèi)燃機(jī)和雙燃料內(nèi)燃機(jī)，單機(jī)大功率已達(dá)500千瓦。

The structure of gasifier includes layered down-suction gasifier, open-center gasifier, down-suction gasifier and atmospheric circulating fluidized bed gasifier. The single-fuel gas internal combustion engine and dual-fuel internal combustion engine are adopted, and the maximum power of single unit has reached 500 kW.

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