1、燃氣發(fā)電機組啟動前的準備

　　1. Preparation before starting the gas generator set

　　機組初次運轉，長期停放后再次運轉或日常工作啟動，啟動前做好以下工作，使機組處于良好狀態(tài)。

　　For the first operation of the unit, if it is parked for a long time and then restarted or started for daily work, the following work should be done before starting to keep the unit in good condition.

　?。?）機組及配套輔助系統(tǒng)零部件應齊全、完整、各緊固聯(lián)接部位聯(lián)接正確、牢固；油、氣、水管路密封良好，不泄露，電路安全、可靠。旋轉件部位附近不準有雜物。

　　(1) The components of the unit and supporting auxiliary systems should be complete, intact, and the fastening and connection parts should be correctly and firmly connected; The oil, gas, and water pipelines are well sealed without leakage, and the circuit is safe and reliable. There should be no debris near the rotating parts.

　?。?）潤滑系統(tǒng)

　　(2) Lubrication system

　　①檢查油底殼機油油位是否符合使用規(guī)定刻度位置，否則應補加機油。所用機油牌號應符合使用維護說明書規(guī)定；亦可用公司批準使用的其他牌號機油。不同牌號的機油不能混用。

　?、?Check whether the oil level in the oil pan meets the specified scale position for use, otherwise oil should be replenished. The brand of the oil used should comply with the instructions in the user manual; Other grades of engine oil approved by the company can also be used. Different grades of engine oil cannot be mixed.

　　②當站內環(huán)境溫度≤5℃時，應將機油預熱至20℃，且禁止使用明火預熱。

　?、?When the ambient temperature inside the station is ≤ 5 ℃, the engine oil should be preheated to 20 ℃, and the use of open flames for preheating is prohibited.

　　圖片

　　picture

　?。?）冷卻系統(tǒng)

　　(3) Cooling system

　　檢查膨脹水箱內的冷卻液液面是否達到規(guī)定位置，同時檢查冷卻液狀況，并根據(jù)需要添加防銹油或防凍液等添加劑。

　　Check if the coolant level in the expansion tank reaches the specified position, and also check the condition of the coolant. Add rust proof oil or antifreeze additives as needed.

　　當環(huán)境溫度低時，應將冷卻液預熱至20℃。

　　When the ambient temperature is low, the coolant should be preheated to 20 ℃.

　?。?）進氣系統(tǒng)

　　(4) Air intake system

　?、贆z查氣源壓力是否符合機組工作規(guī)定壓力范圍，供氣管路、閥門是否滲漏并作處理。

　?、?Check if the pressure of the gas source meets the pressure range specified for the unit's operation, and if there are any leaks in the gas supply pipeline and valves, and take appropriate measures to address them.

　?、诎l(fā)電機組進氣控制系統(tǒng)是否運動靈活，輔助運動部位應及時補加潤滑脂。

　?、?Whether the intake control system of the generator set moves flexibly, and the auxiliary moving parts should be lubricated in a timely manner.

　　（5）啟動系統(tǒng)

　　(5) Start the system

　　檢查啟動柜或蓄電池電纜連接是否正確，是否接觸良好、緊固可靠。電源應接通。

　　Check whether the starter cabinet or battery cable connection is correct, whether the contact is good, and whether the fastening is reliable. The power supply should be connected.

　?。?）盤車

　　(6) Turning wheel

　　手動或電動預供油，用盤車工具盤轉曲軸至少兩圈，檢查機組曲軸等主要部件是否工作順暢，不得有卡碰及其他異?，F(xiàn)象 。

　　Manual or electric pre oil supply, use a turning tool to turn the crankshaft at least two times, check whether the main components of the unit such as the crankshaft are working smoothly, and there should be no jamming or other abnormal phenomena.

　?。?） 檢查相序

　　(7) Check phase sequence

　　若機組并網(wǎng)或并聯(lián)運行，運行前應用相序表進行相序檢查，確保機組間的相序或機組與電網(wǎng)的相序相同。

　　If the units are connected to the grid or operated in parallel, a phase sequence table should be used to check the phase sequence before operation to ensure that the phase sequence between the units or between the units and the grid is the same.1、燃氣發(fā)電機組啟動前的準備

　　1. Preparation before starting the gas generator set

　　機組初次運轉，長期停放后再次運轉或日常工作啟動，啟動前做好以下工作，使機組處于良好狀態(tài)。

　　For the first operation of the unit, if it is parked for a long time and then restarted or started for daily work, the following work should be done before starting to keep the unit in good condition.

　　（1）機組及配套輔助系統(tǒng)零部件應齊全、完整、各緊固聯(lián)接部位聯(lián)接正確、牢固；油、氣、水管路密封良好，不泄露，電路安全、可靠。旋轉件部位附近不準有雜物。

　　(1) The components of the unit and supporting auxiliary systems should be complete, intact, and the fastening and connection parts should be correctly and firmly connected; The oil, gas, and water pipelines are well sealed without leakage, and the circuit is safe and reliable. There should be no debris near the rotating parts.

　　（2）潤滑系統(tǒng)

　　(2) Lubrication system

　?、贆z查油底殼機油油位是否符合使用規(guī)定刻度位置，否則應補加機油。所用機油牌號應符合使用維護說明書規(guī)定；亦可用公司批準使用的其他牌號機油。不同牌號的機油不能混用。

　　① Check whether the oil level in the oil pan meets the specified scale position for use, otherwise oil should be replenished. The brand of the oil used should comply with the instructions in the user manual; Other grades of engine oil approved by the company can also be used. Different grades of engine oil cannot be mixed.

　?、诋斦緝拳h(huán)境溫度≤5℃時，應將機油預熱至20℃，且禁止使用明火預熱。

　?、?When the ambient temperature inside the station is ≤ 5 ℃, the engine oil should be preheated to 20 ℃, and the use of open flames for preheating is prohibited.

　　圖片

　　picture

　?。?）冷卻系統(tǒng)

　　(3) Cooling system

　　檢查膨脹水箱內的冷卻液液面是否達到規(guī)定位置，同時檢查冷卻液狀況，并根據(jù)需要添加防銹油或防凍液等添加劑。

　　Check if the coolant level in the expansion tank reaches the specified position, and also check the condition of the coolant. Add rust proof oil or antifreeze additives as needed.

　　當環(huán)境溫度低時，應將冷卻液預熱至20℃。

　　When the ambient temperature is low, the coolant should be preheated to 20 ℃.

　　（4）進氣系統(tǒng)

　　(4) Air intake system

　?、贆z查氣源壓力是否符合機組工作規(guī)定壓力范圍，供氣管路、閥門是否滲漏并作處理。

　?、?Check if the pressure of the gas source meets the pressure range specified for the unit's operation, and if there are any leaks in the gas supply pipeline and valves, and take appropriate measures to address them.

　　②發(fā)電機組進氣控制系統(tǒng)是否運動靈活，輔助運動部位應及時補加潤滑脂。

　?、?Whether the intake control system of the generator set moves flexibly, and the auxiliary moving parts should be lubricated in a timely manner.

　?。?）啟動系統(tǒng)

　　(5) Start the system

　　檢查啟動柜或蓄電池電纜連接是否正確，是否接觸良好、緊固可靠。電源應接通。

　　Check whether the starter cabinet or battery cable connection is correct, whether the contact is good, and whether the fastening is reliable. The power supply should be connected.

　　（6）盤車

　　(6) Turning wheel

　　手動或電動預供油，用盤車工具盤轉曲軸至少兩圈，檢查機組曲軸等主要部件是否工作順暢，不得有卡碰及其他異?，F(xiàn)象 。

　　Manual or electric pre oil supply, use a turning tool to turn the crankshaft at least two times, check whether the main components of the unit such as the crankshaft are working smoothly, and there should be no jamming or other abnormal phenomena.

　　（7） 檢查相序

　　(7) Check phase sequence

　　若機組并網(wǎng)或并聯(lián)運行，運行前應用相序表進行相序檢查，確保機組間的相序或機組與電網(wǎng)的相序相同。

　　If the units are connected to the grid or operated in parallel, a phase sequence table should be used to check the phase sequence before operation to ensure that the phase sequence between the units or between the units and the grid is the same.

　?。?）TEM系統(tǒng)檢查

　　(8) TEM system inspection

　?、贆z查TEM系統(tǒng)電氣連接是否正常。

　?、?Check if the electrical connections of the TEM system are normal.

　?、谶B接工控機主機、顯示器、鍵盤、鼠標、電源線等配件，將計算機串口線連接好。

　?、?Connect the industrial computer host, monitor, keyboard, mouse, power cord and other accessories, and connect the computer serial port cable.

　　③檢查各插頭接線是否連接正確、可靠。確認無誤后，接通TEM電子管理系統(tǒng)的外部電源，啟動工控機。

　?、?Check whether the wiring of each plug is connected correctly and reliably. After confirming the accuracy, connect the external power supply of the TEM electronic management system and start the industrial computer.

　　④旋出 TEM電子管理系統(tǒng) 操作面板上的“緊急停機”按鈕，按下“啟動”按鈕，各蝶門應能正確、可靠動作，各步進電機控制器顯示啟動步數(shù)。

　?、?Rotate the "emergency stop" button on the TEM electronic management system operation panel, press the "start" button, and each butterfly door should be able to operate correctly and reliably. The stepper motor controller should display the number of start steps.

　?、莘謩e按“左燃氣+-、空氣+-、右燃氣+-、右空氣+-”旋鈕，相應的步進電機控制器應顯示正常、各蝶門動作應正常。

　?、?Press the "Left Gas+-, Air+-, Right Gas+-, Right Air+-" knobs respectively, and the corresponding stepper motor controller should display normally, and each butterfly door should operate normally.

　　⑥按下“緊急停機”按鈕，各燃氣蝶門均應關閉，步數(shù)回零，開度顯示回零。按下“關閉空氣”按鈕，各空氣蝶門均應關閉，步數(shù)回零，開度顯示回零。

　?、?Press the "emergency stop" button, all gas butterfly valves should be closed, the steps should return to zero, and the opening display should return to zero. Press the 'Close Air' button, all air butterfly doors should be closed, the steps should return to zero, and the opening display should return to zero.

　　⑦再次旋出 “ 緊急停機 ” 按鈕，按下 “ 啟動 ” ，反復按上述步驟檢查至少 2 次，各蝶門動作應正常。

　?、?Rotate the "emergency stop" button again, press the "start" button, and repeat the above steps at least twice to check that all butterfly doors are functioning properly.

　　圖片

　　picture

　　（9）集中控制柜

　　(9) Centralized control cabinet

　　使用ECS電子控制系統(tǒng)的燃氣發(fā)電機組，做好集中控制柜的準備。

　　Prepare a centralized control cabinet for the gas generator set using the ECS electronic control system.

　　①連接集中控制柜至燃氣機組接線盒間的控制電纜，連接至控制屏的控制電纜。

　　① Connect the control cable between the centralized control cabinet and the gas turbine junction box, and connect the control cable to the control panel.

　?、跈z查各插頭、各組成單元接線是否連接正確、可靠，確認無誤后，即可接通電源，啟動集中控制柜控制系統(tǒng)。

　?、?Check whether each plug and component unit is connected correctly and reliably. After confirming that there are no errors, the power can be turned on and the centralized control cabinet control system can be started.

　　③初次送電后要對設置參數(shù)進行設置。

　?、?After the initial power transmission, the setting parameters should be adjusted.

　?。?0）細水霧輸送系統(tǒng)檢查

　　(10) Inspection of fine water mist conveying system

　?、贆z查電氣連接是否與圖紙相符，系統(tǒng)供電是否正常。

　?、?Check if the electrical connections match the drawings and if the system power supply is functioning properly.

　　②電氣連接檢查后可以通電，通電后檢查監(jiān)控界面的設備狀態(tài)是否正常，連接正常后檢查所有檢測點是否有顯示。

　　② After electrical connection inspection, power can be turned on. After power on, check whether the device status on the monitoring interface is normal. After normal connection, check whether all detection points are displayed.

　?、劢o水霧輸送繼電控制柜送電，打開水霧水池電磁閥，將水池蓄水至溢水口。

　　③ Power the relay control cabinet for water mist transmission, open the solenoid valve of the water mist pool, and fill the pool with water to the overflow outlet.

　?、軐⑺F監(jiān)控啟動系統(tǒng)旋至自動控制狀態(tài)，利用監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)界面的控制面板操作啟動一號泵或二號泵。

　?、?Turn the water mist monitoring startup system to automatic control mode, and use the control panel on the monitoring system interface to operate and start the first or second pump.

　　⑤查看 水池、水封及燃氣溫度是否在設定范圍內。

　?、?Check if the water tank, water seal, and gas temperature are within the set range.

　　⑥ 查看噴水壓力是否符合要求。

　?、?Check if the water spray pressure meets the requirements.

　　⑦水池補水閥、排水泵工作正常，水位未超過設定的上下限位。

　?、?The water replenishment valve and drainage pump of the pool are working normally, and the water level has not exceeded the set upper and lower limits.

　　⑧ 當水霧流量和壓力顯示正常后，啟動燃氣總管閥門的電動蝶閥。

　?、?After the water mist flow rate and pressure display are normal, start the electric butterfly valve of the gas main valve.

　?。?1）控制屏準備工作

　　(11) Preparation work for control screen

　?、贆z查、確定主斷路器處于“連接”狀態(tài)。

　?、?Check and confirm that the main circuit breaker is in the "connected" state.

　?、趯⑷齻€電源開關打開

　?、?Turn on the three power switches

　　a.將 “ 直流電源 ” 開關置于 “ 開（ON） ” 位置。

　　a. Place the "DC power" switch in the "ON" position.

　　b.將 “ 電調電源 ” 開關置于 “ 開（ON） ” 位置。

　　b. Place the "ESC power supply" switch in the "ON" position.

　　c.將 “ 電磁閥電源 ” 開關置于 “ 開（ON） ” 位置，使電動蝶閥通電。

　　c. Place the "Electromagnetic Valve Power" switch in the "ON" position to energize the electric butterfly valve.

　?、蹤z查七個電位器是否處于正確位置

　?、?Check if the seven potentiometers are in the correct position

　　a.將 “ 同步裝置 ” 開關置于 “ 斷 ” 位置。

　　a. Place the "synchronization device" switch in the "off" position.

　　b.將 “ 電壓測量 ” 開關置于任意位置。

　　b. Place the 'voltage measurement' switch in any position.

　　c.將 “ 怠速/額定 ” 開關置于 “ 怠速 ” 位置（德國海因茲曼電子調速系統(tǒng)無此電位器）。

　　c. Place the "idle/rated" switch in the "idle" position (this potentiometer is not available in the German Heinzmann electronic speed control system).

　　d.將 “ 緊急停機 ” 旋鈕置于 “ 旋開 ” 狀態(tài)。

　　d. Place the "emergency stop" knob in the "turn on" position.

　　e.將“轉速微調”電位器旋置于中間位置（5圈，10圈電位器）。

　　e. Turn the "speed adjustment" potentiometer to the middle position (5 turns, 10 turns potentiometer).

　　f.將“電壓整定”電位器置于中間位置（5圈，10圈電位器）。

　　f. Place the "voltage setting" potentiometer in the middle position (5 turns, 10 turns potentiometer).

　　g.將“功率因數(shù)自動/手動”開關置于“手動”位置。

　　g. Place the "Power Factor Auto/Manual" switch in the "Manual" position.

　?、軝z查控制屏的報警鈴和報警指示燈是否工作正常。方法為：

　?、?Check if the alarm bell and alarm indicator light on the control screen are working properly. The method is:

　　a.按下 “ 試報警 ” 按鈕，各報警指示燈應同時閃爍，同時報警鈴響。

　　a. Press the 'Trial Alarm' button, and all alarm indicator lights should flash simultaneously while the alarm bell rings.

　　b.按下 “ 消音 ” 按鈕，報警鈴響終止。

　　b. Press the 'mute' button to stop the alarm bell ringing.

　　c.按下 “ 報警解除 ” 按鈕，各報警指示燈熄滅。

　　c. Press the 'Alarm Release' button, and all alarm indicator lights will turn off.

　　2、通入燃氣

　　2. Introduce gas

　?。?）打開手動燃氣閥門。

　　(1) Open the manual gas valve.

　　（2）手動將電動蝶閥撥至“開”位置，使燃氣進入機組。

　　(2) Manually turn the electric butterfly valve to the "on" position to allow gas to enter the unit.

　　3、機組啟動

　　3. Unit startup

　?。?）機組長期停放，第一次啟動前應 排空。方法為：關閉燃氣總閥門，切斷機組燃氣供給，斷開磁電機與點火線圈連線，預供油后，使啟動馬達帶動發(fā)動機空轉、將氣缸內的余氣排空。排空時應注意不要燒壞啟動馬達。

　　(1) The unit should be emptied before the first start-up if it is parked for a long time. The method is to close the gas main valve, cut off the gas supply to the unit, disconnect the connection between the magnetic motor and the ignition coil, pre supply oil, and let the starter motor drive the engine to idle and exhaust the remaining gas in the cylinder. Be careful not to burn out the starter motor when emptying.

　?。?）給電動預供油泵通電， 手搖機油泵和電動預供油泵配合使用，當機油壓力表指示為以上時，停止供油。

　　(2) Power on the electric pre supply oil pump, and use the hand cranked oil pump in conjunction with the electric pre supply oil pump. When the oil pressure gauge indicates above, stop supplying oil.

　?。?） 給啟動馬達通電，啟動發(fā)動機。

　　(3) Power on the starter motor and start the engine.

　　啟動馬達連續(xù)運行不得超過5秒。若一次啟動不成功，則間隔至少2分鐘后方可再次啟動，并于再次啟動前將發(fā)動機氣缸內剩余氣體排空；若機組連續(xù)三次未能啟動，應立即停止，查明原因并排除后方可再次啟動。 如果連續(xù)啟動次數(shù)過多，馬達熱量無法散失，會燒壞啟動馬達。

　　The starting motor should not run continuously for more than 5 seconds. If the first start is unsuccessful, wait for at least 2 minutes before restarting, and exhaust the remaining gas in the engine cylinder before restarting; If the unit fails to start for three consecutive times, it should be stopped immediately, the cause should be identified and eliminated before restarting. If the number of consecutive starts is too many, the heat of the motor cannot be dissipated, which will burn out the starting motor.

　　4、暖機運行

　　4. Warm up operation

　?。?）查看主油道、增壓器的機油壓力數(shù)值，濾前與濾后壓力差，如不正常應立即查找原因。

　　(1) Check the oil pressure values of the main oil passage and turbocharger, as well as the pressure difference between the pre filter and post filter. If it is abnormal, immediately investigate the cause.

　　（2）打開氣缸蓋上罩殼，觀察搖臂及橫橋各點、面摩擦副回油狀況，有回油流出是正常的，回油微量或沒有，說明外潤滑管路或搖臂、橫橋油道阻塞，應松開外潤滑管查找原因或疏通、更換橫橋、搖臂。如果大搖臂銅套兩端回油量非常大，說明銅套與搖臂軸間隙過大，應及時更換銅套。

　　(2) Open the cylinder head cover and observe the return oil condition of the rocker arm and cross bridge friction pair at each point and surface. It is normal for oil to flow out, but if there is little or no return oil, it indicates that the external lubrication pipeline or rocker arm and cross bridge oil passage is blocked. The external lubrication pipeline should be loosened to find the cause or to clear or replace the cross bridge and rocker arm. If the oil return at both ends of the large rocker arm copper sleeve is very large, it indicates that the clearance between the copper sleeve and the rocker arm shaft is too large, and the copper sleeve should be replaced in a timely manner.

　?。?）旋開水泵放水閥少許，若有強勁水柱沖出，則表明供水正常。新機或拆檢過冷卻管系的機組，應打開缸蓋高溫回水管線上的放氣螺塞，檢查兩排氣缸供水是否正常。

　　(3) Loosen the drain valve of the water pump slightly. If there is a strong water column rushing out, it indicates that the water supply is normal. For new units or units that have undergone dismantling and inspection of the cooling pipe system, the vent plug on the high-temperature return water pipeline of the cylinder head should be opened to check whether the water supply to the two rows of cylinders is normal.

　　（4）檢查機組外觀狀況，不得有漏水、漏油、漏氣現(xiàn)象。所有零部件應固定牢固，不得有明顯的振動或松動現(xiàn)象。

　　(4) Check the appearance of the unit for any water, oil, or gas leaks. All components should be firmly fixed without obvious vibration or looseness.

　?。?）觀察發(fā)動機排氣煙色是否正常，呼吸器有無異常煙氣，監(jiān)聽機組有無異常聲響（敲擊聲、放炮聲、吹噓聲等）。

　　(5) Observe whether the exhaust smoke color of the engine is normal, whether there is abnormal smoke in the respirator, and monitor whether there is any abnormal sound from the unit (knocking sound, blasting sound, bragging sound, etc.).

　?。?）嗅發(fā)動機是否有焦味、燃氣味。

　　(6) Smell the engine for any burnt or gas smell.

　?。?）用手背感覺各氣缸蓋升溫速度是否平衡、各冷卻管線前后溫度是否正常。正常情況下，各冷卻管線前后溫度應一致，各缸升溫速度較均勻一致。如某冷卻管線前后溫度不一致，說明管線內產生氣阻；如有個別缸升溫較快且在正常工作時缸溫也偏高，說明缸蓋內水腔狹窄，冷卻水流量受到限制，不能及時把熱量傳送出去。

　　(7) Use the back of your hand to feel whether the heating speed of each cylinder head is balanced and whether the temperature before and after each cooling pipeline is normal. Under normal circumstances, the temperature before and after each cooling pipeline should be consistent, and the heating rate of each cylinder should be relatively uniform and consistent. If the temperature before and after a certain cooling pipeline is inconsistent, it indicates that there is air resistance inside the pipeline; If a few cylinders heat up quickly and the cylinder temperature is also high during normal operation, it indicates that the water chamber in the cylinder head is narrow, the cooling water flow is limited, and the heat cannot be transferred out in a timely manner.

　　（8）充分暖機（一般水溫、油溫20℃以上）后，將控制屏上 “ 怠速/額定 ” 轉換開關置于 “ 額定 ” 位置，機組將提速、在額定轉速下運行。待水溫、油溫均上升到40℃以上，再觀察機組各儀表指示是否正常。若機組各儀表指示正常，則可并網(wǎng)發(fā)電。

　　(8) After fully warming up (generally with water temperature and oil temperature above 20 ℃), place the "idle/rated" switch on the control screen in the "rated" position, and the unit will accelerate and operate at the rated speed. Wait for the water and oil temperatures to rise above 40 ℃, and then observe whether the instrument readings of the unit are normal. If all instruments of the unit indicate normally, it can be connected to the grid for power generation.

　　本文由 燃氣發(fā)電機組  友情奉獻.更多有關的知識請點擊  http://icea.com.cn/   真誠的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務.更多有關的知識我們將會陸續(xù)向大家奉獻.敬請期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from a gas generator set. For more related knowledge, please click http://icea.com.cn/ Sincere attitude. We provide you with comprehensive services. We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone. Please stay tuned